Palestine WILL Be Free

Neurosurgeon studying if deep brain stimulation can help with bipolar disorder

Although I am not at all unresponsive to medication, I would love to try this technique of deep brain stimulation (DBS) to see if it would repair/heal/rejuvenate the brain structures that are thought to be responsible for bipolar disorder. In this study, it is thought the cingulum bundle (which is a fiber tract in the brain that connects different parts of the gray matter in the frontal area of the brain) may not be “strong” as in normal people. The brain’s frontal area is involved in decision making and problem solving and is smaller in people with bipolar disorder (BPD). So strengthening the connections in the frontal cortex of the brain should have a beneficial effect on people with bipolar disorder. This study is being done to see if DBS will help people who have BPD.

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2016-05/uhcm-nsi052616.php

Many patients are often unresponsive to medications

CLEVELAND — Jennifer Sweet, MD, a neurosurgeon at University Hospitals Case Medical Center, recently opened a clinical research study to learn if there is a structural target in the brain for patients suffering from bipolar disorder and whether deep brain stimulation (DBS) can bring them relief.

Participants are being recruited through the UH Mood Disorders Program, which treats about 1,000 patients annually with bipolar disorder.

Bipolar disorder is associated with episodes of mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs. Each of these cycles can last for weeks or months. It is among the leading causes of disability in young adults worldwide, according to Dr. Sweet, who is also an Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.

While many patients respond to medications, most do not have complete control of cycling, and others have little or no response. It is hoped that DBS can help such non-responsive patients, or perhaps down the line even patients whose response to drugs become less effective over time.

Dr. Sweet’s study has two parts that will continue for at least three years. In the first part, currently underway and continuing through this year, she actively is enrolling 10 bipolar type I patients who do not respond to medications, 10 bipolar type I patients who do respond to treatment, and 10 healthy volunteers.

Participants will get a specialized type of MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging sequences, which can see how water molecules spread through the brain to create three dimensional maps of neurons in their brains. Dr. Sweet and her team will look for “connectivity” differences in structures among the different groups of participants.

“There are no obvious structural abnormalities in bipolar patients that can be seen with conventional MRI, but perhaps we can show that while Point A is still connected to Point B in bipolar patients, this connection or wiring is not functioning properly. Maybe the ‘cables’ aren’t as strong as in healthy controls,” said Dr. Sweet.

The biologic cables she refers to compose a fiber tract in the brain call the cingulum bundle that connects different parts of the gray matter in the frontal area of the brain.

According to the National Institute of Mental Health Web site, one MRI study found that the brain’s frontal area in adults with bipolar disorder tends to be smaller and function less well compared to adults without bipolar disorder. This area of the brain is involved in “executive” functions such as solving problems and making decisions.

Pinpointing differences in the structure of the cables may give neurosurgeons a new target for treating the disorder through DBS.

Once the first part of the study is complete, Dr. Sweet’s group will then recruit six of the bipolar participants who are unresponsive to medications and in whom structural imaging showed abnormal connectivity, to undergo a randomized, double-blinded pilot study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DBS.

The participants will undergo DBS surgery, researchers and participants will both be blinded to the state of the stimulator. Prior to, during, and after the study, patients will be provided routine clinical and research care by the UH Mood Disorders Program.

“Bipolar disorder is so debilitating for many of the people who have it, and it strikes at a younger age, so it is a disease with which patients must contend throughout their lives. If DBS works, it will offer hope for patients, especially those who get no relief from medications,” said Dr. Sweet.

The study is currently funded by the National Institutes of Health to the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been approved by the FDA for treating the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease and essential tremor, and it is FDA approved under the Humanitarian Device Exemption for the treatment of dystonia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Researchers also are exploring whether DBS can help improve life for patients with other disorders, such as unipolar depression, bipolar depression, and memory loss, among other diseases.

Purpose of this Bipolar1Blog.

My first post ever, the one with which I started Bipolar1Blog!

PalestineWILLbefree's avatarPalestine WILL Be Free

Japanese Maple Amherst

Dearest Readers,

The purpose of these posts about bipolar d/o is not to get sympathy for myself, or to shock anyone. It is simply to describe what it feels like to have bipolar disorder. The purpose of all this is to inform and hopefully destigmatize mental illness. I’m hoping that if I talk about my experiences, then all of you will see that this can happen to anyone. Hopefully reading about my experiences will also help people identify mental illness, perhaps in themselves or others and get help. Also, as I talk about my mental illness, I am seeing that it frees others to talk about their illnesses. And what a relief it is to be able to talk to each other, instead of hiding and cowering in shame because we have an illness. There should be no shame associated with any illness, we did not choose to have this illness…

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Can Tylenol Help Heal a Broken Heart?

TulipHunh! Apparently Tylenol can indeed help the pain of a broken heart! So very glad I don’t need it, but it’s still good to know. The description of what happens when you have a broken heart, neuroscience wise is so interesting, that alone makes this an amazing article. Tylenol for a broken heart is pretty amazing too. If any of my readers need to alleviate the pain of heartbreak, you have my sympathies and well, here is help!

http://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/05/fashion/breakups-rejection-neuroscience.html?smid=fb-nytscience&smtyp=cur&_r=0

Can Tylenol Help Heal a Broken Heart?

He told me to stop by after I got out of the movie. We met in the parking lot outside his dorm and kissed hello, quickly, like something you do out of habit. I didn’t know then that it would be our last. He was tense, his eyes focused everywhere but on me.

I don’t remember exactly what he said, but he ended with: “I don’t think I can do this anymore.”

My heart pounded as he gave his reasons. I listened but didn’t process. I stood there in the cold, swaying nervously from foot to foot, my hands shoved inside my jacket pockets. I tried to respond but stumbled over my words. Normally outgoing and talkative, I couldn’t even form a sentence. Warmth radiated from my flushed cheeks.

As a student of neuroscience, I have learned that the most intimate relationship is the one between your head and heart. They talk like best friends via the common carotid artery, which sends blood from the heart to the brain at a running speed of three feet per second.

The brain has developed mechanisms to sense danger, and it responds immediately in the presence of any threat. When a threat is identified, an emergency call is made to the hypothalamus, the command center for our hormone system.

The hypothalamus then kicks the sympathetic nervous system into gear, surging cortisol through our veins. Adrenaline floods our system. Our heartbeat quickens, strengthening the flow of blood to our vital organs. Our airways open. With each breath, we are more alert. Our pupils dilate. In the presence of danger, we are prepared to fight.

This is not what happens in a breakup.

The physiological response to a rejection is entirely different from that of a threat. We have an innate need for acceptance, just like we need water and food to survive. In a manner somewhat opposed to when we’re faced with a threat, rejection activates our parasympathetic nervous system.

A signal is sent through the vagus nerve from our brain to our heart and stomach. The muscles of our digestive system contract, making it feel as if there’s a pit in the deepest part of our stomach. Our airways constrict, making it harder to breathe. The rhythmic beating of our heart is slowed so noticeably that it feels, literally, like our heart is breaking.

After hearing those fateful words of rejection in the parking lot, I went home and cried on the floor of my apartment, tucked into my best friend’s embrace.

“Everyone has a first heartbreak,” she said gently. “The first one just hurts the worst.”

I felt like such a cliché, crying until I had a headache and plowing through an entire box of tissues. Studying neuroscience had taught me too much. I knew how the chemicals in my brain were driving my emotions. I wanted to use science to reason with myself, to convince myself that soon the hormones would stabilize and I would start to feel better.

Unfortunately, years of schooling can’t teach you about recovering from heartbreak the way experience can.

I wanted to go back to the middle of our relationship. I didn’t miss the beginning: the insecurity, the butterflies and that period of awkwardness when you’re just getting to know each other. And I definitely didn’t want to revisit the end. I wanted to return to the middle, when everything was calm, routine and dependable. It was easy then, and pain-free.

We were both active and engaged in our own spheres of campus life, and our paths never crossed until a mutual friend set us up on a blind date.

It wasn’t surprising that we had never met; he is a student athlete, and I can barely walk without tripping. While he was finishing problem sets in the engineering building, I was running experiments across campus in my neuroscience lab.

Our connection was intense and effortless. When we worked side by side in his room or mine, I felt remarkably safe amid the kind of silence that usually makes me feel too vulnerable.

I loved the way he slid his fingers into mine as we walked home and how he sometimes squeezed my first finger with his thumb extra tightly, just to remind me that he was there. The electricity from his touch sent a cascade of oxytocin from my posterior pituitary, lowering my cortisol levels and enveloping me with unspoken compassion.

With dopamine bursting out of my nucleus accumbens, I would be engulfed by feelings of exhilaration and bliss. I’d fall asleep next to him with my hand on his chest, calmed by the metronome of his heartbeat.

It is no coincidence that positive emotions feel so good; the hormones released when you’re happy, in love and feeling appreciated all help regulate your heartbeat into a “coherent” pattern. The fixed beating sets a rhythm for the rest of your body so that all other homeostatic mechanisms are carried out in sync. With my body in equilibrium, living felt much easier.

I wish I could say I got over my heartbreak quickly. To let others think I did, I kept my pain private, crying in the shower and at night when I hoped my roommates wouldn’t hear.

I felt embarrassed as I remembered my mother saying, “If he doesn’t want you, you don’t want him.” I tried to dedicate myself to my friends and to the course work that would prepare me for my medical school applications a few months later. I wanted to be like Elle Woods in “Legally Blonde”: confident and self-reliant.

But heartache is like any other pain, and it takes time to heal.

What’s crazy about the pain of a broken heart is that your body perceives it as physical pain. Love activates the same neurological reward centers as cocaine, and losing love can feel like going through withdrawal after quitting drugs or alcohol cold turkey.

Regardless of whether we’re in pain from withdrawal or experiencing an emotional rejection, neurons in our anterior cingulate cortex and insula start firing. We think the only way to feel better is to experience the high again; we physically crave it.

Like addicts, we can’t think clearly and argue with ourselves over every decision: “Should I call him? No, don’t be desperate.” As pain receptors fire, the result is that we feel broken, physically and emotionally.

What I didn’t know at the time, though, is that there is a saving grace. Modern medicine provides an over-the-counter remedy that has been shown to ameliorate the emotional effects of heartbreak.

In research published in 2010, scientists found that acetaminophen can reduce physical and neural responses associated with the pain of social rejection, whether in romantic relationships, friendships or otherwise.

So if you’re hurting from heartache, try popping some Tylenol.

Withdrawal eventually ends, and so does the pain of rejection. I hate how much I cried and all the time wasted missing him. I hate how much it hurt, but still feel so grateful for the relationship we had because it taught me what it means to love and be loved.

Now I know what I want: a relationship that will fill me with dopamine and steady my heartbeat when he entwines his fingers with mine. I’ll know it’s right when I can talk freely for hours, yet also be at ease in silence. I don’t spend so much time searching for that feeling anymore, wondering how love should feel, because I’ll recognize it when it comes and won’t force it if it’s not there.

Recently, I broke someone else’s heart. He was a friend first, but he said he wanted to be more. I gave it a few weeks, because he deserved that. We went out to breakfast one day, lunch another and dinner sometime after that. It felt nice to be with someone who cared so much about me, but my nucleus accumbens was quiet. There was no dopamine high when he held my hand, and my heartbeat wasn’t settled on a rhythm that matched his.

I tried to end it with kindness and respect, but there was obvious strain and confusion in his eyes as his parasympathetic nervous system kicked into gear while I gave my reasons. I could imagine the muscles of his digestive system contracting, his heartbeat slowing.

I had been there. I knew he would be O.K., and wanted to tell him so, but experience had taught me that I was the wrong person to help.

This conflict of my head and heart — of my wanting to offer comfort but knowing I shouldn’t — was making my pulse race and my body tremble. So I simply hugged him goodbye and walked away, hoping that someone else would think to give him Tylenol.

Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali

He was a boxer, but he was so much more than that! He was born Cassius Clay in Louisville KY, but converted to Islam and changed his name to Muhammad Ali. In Pakistan, when I was growing up, in the 60’s (after he’d won the Gold medal in the Olympics,) we were HUGE fans of his. Even our mothers and grandmothers followed him and cheered him on in “The Thrilla in Manila” and the “Rumble in the Jungle.”

He had razor sharp wit, he was a poet, he was a Pacifist and a Humanist.

Some of his best quotes are:

“Float like a butterfly, sting like a bee. The hands can’t hit what the eyes can’t see.”

“I wrestled with an alligator, I tussled with a whale, I handcuffed lightning, thrown thunder in jail, I’m bad man….Last week I murdered a rock, injured a stone, hospitalized a brick. I’m so mean I make medicine sick,”

“It will be a killer and a chiller and a thriller when I get the gorilla in Manila.”

Don’t count the days, make the days count.”

“Live every day like it’s your last because someday you’re going to be right.”
“Impossible is just a big word thrown around by small men who find it easier to live in the world they’ve been given than to explore the power they have to change it. Impossible is not a fact. It’s an opinion. Impossible is not a declaration. It’s a dare. Impossible is potential. Impossible is temporary. Impossible is nothing.”
“The man who views the world at 50 the same as he did at 20 has wasted 30 years of his life.”
Most likely, he got Parkinson’s disease as a result of the rabbit punches to his head while boxing. He battled it for 32 years and last night, at age 74 he succumbed to it.

We loved you Muhammad Ali. You were The Greatest!

 

12 Insightful Reflections on How to Change for the Better

These are all valuable but for me #9: Think before you act. That is the one I really need to improve upon. I do think before I act, but I think I don’t think well enough about some of the things I do and how they might affect the people, my friends, who are at the receiving end.

Also “Navigate tough interactions with ease” is so true. Whatever issue you’re having difficulty with with someone else, you have to realize there is a complementary issue in you that is involved!

And the one about opening your heart and listening to feedback that is tough to hear; the feedback is probably tough to hear because it is precisely what you need to hear. Just like the exercises in the gym that you hate are the ones you need the most. Haha.

Also, of course, Focusing on your relationship with yourself and being compassionate and loving towards yourself. This one keeps coming up over and over again in all the “Improve Yourself” articles! One of the VIA, very important advice!

http://www.lionsroar.com/smile-at-fear-pema-chodrons-teachings-on-bravery-open-heart-basic-goodness/
12 Insightful Reflections on How to Change for the Better

Follow this brilliant advice from top wellness experts to help you dig deeper and tap your truest, most beautiful and loving self in the New Year.
January 1, 2016

We all want to evolve. That desire is what drives most of us to work toward becoming better versions of ourselves. Year after year, we painstakingly peel back the layers to get to the heart of who we really are and who we aspire to be. But as anyone who has ever spent time feeling down in the dumps or had a conflict with an irate co-worker knows too well, it can be tough to stay cool, calm, patient, and kind on a regular basis, especially in the face of discomfort.

That’s why we turned to the experts—psychologists, yoga teachers, and meditation masters—for their thoughts on the best practices for getting to the root of negative emotions, taking a look at yourself when you’re blaming others, naming your role in what’s not working in your life, and more. Of course, it’s not easy work. “Your quest for improvement will invite tests for your self-destructive doubting aspects,” says Elena Brower, a yoga and meditation teacher in New York City and author of the newly re-released Art of Attention. “However, if you can see these tests and lessons for the blessings that they are, every new understanding can help you grow.”
Linda Mainquist, co-director for the Center for Leadership Performance at the David Lynch Foundation agrees, though cautions that it can be tempting to get into a not-very-helpful “self-help” mentality. “These days, we seem to make ourselves eternal self-improvement projects, always trying to be better at something and pointing a finger at ourselves,” she says. “When we do this, we are ultimately telling ourselves we’re not good enough.”
Enter these mindful practices, all of which focus on helping you usher in a mentality of loving-kindness toward yourself and others as you continue to walk your own path.
1. Focus on your relationship with you.
“In order to be the best version of yourself, you have to create an ideal relationship with yourself. Cultivating this kind, close relationship with the heart of who you are takes time and is an ever-evolving process, but it is the most nourishing relationship you’ll know. To start, write down your dream for this relationship with yourself. Think of this vision as your root system, which will help you to question and release negative inner dialogue that’s possibly plagued you for years.” – Elena Brower, yoga and meditation teacher in New York City

2. Put together a purpose statement.
“Slapping a smile on your face and thinking happy thoughts isn’t going to make you a nicer, happier person in the long run. To really thrive, it’s crucial to create inner well-being, which will help you exude genuine gratitude, kindness, and joy. Start by asking yourself if you’re living ‘on purpose.’ Are your resolutions for change in line with your gifts, passions, and values? Often we go right to thinking about ‘the how’ of personal change without thinking about ‘the why’ we want to improve. Creating a purpose statement and keeping it front and center in your life will help you focus on fulfilling time, not just filling time.

– Christine Whelan, Ph.D., a professor at the School of Human Ecology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison
Creating a purpose statement and keeping it front and center in your life will help you focus on fulfilling time, not just filling time.
3. Stay the course.

“Remind yourself that magic takes guts. If you start wondering, ‘Where’s my spiritual awakening?’ Remember that effecting change takes stamina, especially when you’re not seeing the desired progress right away. Give that loud, noisy voice saying ‘I can’t’ to God, so that you can drop into the quieter and more loving voice that reminds you ‘I can.’ Obstacles are inevitable, but they make you stronger and connect you to your tender heart. This is a process alright, but there’s magic in the repetition.” – Dana Flynn, a yoga instructor at Laughing Lotus Yoga Center in New York City and Brooklyn

4. Hone your ability to see yourself in others.
“Take a moment to consider the Laws of Karma. All of us have passed through the same things in the past—perhaps even worse than what we are trying to deal with and seeking to understand now. We have to accept that whatever is happening is perfect, and we have to be patient. Then, with a little bit of compassion (which means to see yourself in others), ask yourself, how can you hurt anyone? How can you criticize anyone? There is no room for this.” – Sri Dharma Mittra, legendary yoga teacher and the model and creator of the Master Yoga Chart of 908 Postures

5. Navigate tough interactions with more ease.
“When you’re struggling in your interactions with someone in your life, assume you’re in a dynamic. For any ‘bad’ trait you’re observing in another, you have a complementary one. Figure out what that is, and be ready to own your part in this particular dynamic before you ask the other person to own anything that’s bothering you. Similarly, when someone gives you feedback about you, assume it is valuable, especially if it’s hard to hear. Really take in the comments and make the other person’s reality valid, even if you don’t agree. When you can let yourself feel what another person feels, you are giving the gift you wish to receive—the gift of compassionate listening and a new willingness to collaborate.” – Elena Brower, yoga and meditation teacher in New York City

6. Turn around negative energy.
“Practices that uplift and elevate you can undercut the power of negative emotions and destructive habitual patterns. Such practices might include an inversion—any, from Headstand to Bridge Pose, will do. Flipping your perspective of yourself, others, and the world around you can bring awareness to the base of the pelvic floor by activating mula bandha, which gives rise to a feeling of weightlessness and possibility. Another powerful way to flip perspective is to practice the ancient technique of Skull Shining (kapalabhati), whereby the forceful exhale lifts the diaphragm muscle upward as if it is knocking on the door of the heart, igniting the dormant areas of the brain and, as a result, awakening you to your highest potential.” – Rima Rani Rabbath, yoga teacher at at Jivamukti NYC who leads teacher trainings for Jivamukti Yoga around the world.

7. Be with your heart.

“Sit or stand and simply be with the energy of your heart. Imagine your yogi sisters and brothers right there with you and begin to breathe in and out for everyone. Plug into this living, breathing support system and feel how connected you truly are. Remember, no matter how many times you have thrown love away, it belongs to you. You can open your heart one more time. This is where your real power is—it’s in the power to transform your heart and to love in the midst of great heartache, mad challenges, and difficult humans. A daily heart-centered practice will help you build your spiritual foundation and allow you to bring more energy, sweetness, and forgiveness into your life.” – Dana Flynn, a yoga instructor at Laughing Lotus Yoga Center in New York City and Brooklyn

You can open your heart one more time. This is where your real power is—it’s in the power to transform your heart and to love in the midst of great heartache, mad challenges, and difficult humans.
8. Resolve through the 4 Rs.

“Take refuge in the idea that things aren’t just coming at you, but also they are also coming from you. Cultivate a healthy regret toward the ways you have responded to situations in ways that aren’t ideal without beating yourself up. Refrain from setting goals that are too far out since habitual patterns take time to break. Repair a previous misstep either in person or by sending that person your blessings—that’s how much power your thoughts have!” – Rima Rani Rabbath, yoga teacher at at Jivamukti NYC who leads teacher trainings for Jivamukti Yoga around the world

9. Think before you act.
“Patience is important. You have to analyze your thoughts before you put them into action, otherwise you’ll end up hurting someone else and creating bad Karma for yourself as well. Remember, everyone passes through the same thing, the same mistakes. Yoga is to see God—to see love everywhere. How can you see fault in God? Impossible!” – Sri Dharma Mittra, legendary yoga teacher and the model and creator of the Master Yoga Chart of 908 Postures

10. Meditate to mediate your emotions.
“Oftentimes when you’re not acting like your better self, you are being reactive rather than responsive. Reactions are quick and usually thoughtless; being responsive is when we’re able to take a step back and ask yourself, ‘How do I want to deal with this?’ There are many ways to create this gap—to get hold of yourself and not react—and meditation is one of them. A meditation practice creates that greater connection with your non-reactive, silent witness and enables you to rise above old scripts, patterns, and injuries, and be better able to choose a new response.” – Linda Mainquist, Co-Director for the Center for Leadership Performance at the David Lynch

11. Get grateful.

“When I am in swimming in negative judgment or self-loathing, my gratitude is very far away. That’s when I reach into the mantra ‘thank you’, and I practice it on the retention of the breath. Breathe in and, at the top of the inhalation, hold your breath gently and say ‘thank you’ to yourself, then exhale.” – Dana Flynn, a yoga instructor at Laughing Lotus Yoga Center in New York City and Brooklyn

12. Slow down and show yourself some love.
“Our minds and emotions can go so fast. The kinds of subtle feelings that help you tap into your better self are more quiet and expansive. That’s why simply slowing down can help you access what’s underneath your anger or fear. It gives you some time to just be with yourself. Of course, self-compassion is key here, letting you clue into your specific needs in each moment and also helping you cope when the slowness allows the tough stuff to bubble up. I think there’s a lot of shame that can come up in our lives, which is like a moldy blanket covering up something real. It’s not useful—and self-compassion is the antidote. ‘I feel bad, but I’m not bad.’ That’s the mantra.” – Linda Mainquist, Co-Director for the Center for Leadership Performance at the David Lynch Foundation

By Meghan Rabbitt

Smile at Fear: Pema Chodron’s teachings on Bravery, Open Heart & Basic Goodness

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A great talk by Pema Chödrön! But then which of her talks isn’t great? So interesting, and such an innovative approach to life and examining fear. Of course, it’s Zen Buddhism, all these tenets come from it.  Smiling at your fear, being open hearted instead of iron hearted can teach us so much and make us so much more human. We don’t have to numb ourselves with substances, or get crazy busy, or sloth like lazy to avoid fear.

I’m going to discuss some of what really spoke to me in her talk. It’s in its entirety below for your reading pleasure.

1) She says: “… we all wish to be sane and open-hearted people.” I believe that. No one wants to afraid, angry, closed off from the world and other people. I think basically, all human beings want to be sane and open hearted. I know I do. And this article has brought some things into focus for me that I need to learn and do.

2) “We need to work on ourselves.” That’s pretty evident, we do need to work on ourselves, no one else is going to. Sitting with our fear, smiling at our fear, becoming tenderhearted first with ourselves then with all others. All this starts with not being afraid of our fear!

3) “If we’re hurting enough, and we really start looking for the source of our pain and what we can do about it, it goes beyond just wanting to feel better OurSelves… At its most basic, it means working on ourselves, developing courage and fearlessness and cultivating our capacity to love and care about other people. It involves taking good care of ourselves, but whatever we do, it’s all in the bigger context of helping (others.)” Here she is saying that taking care of ourselves, becoming open hearted, smiling upon our fear is not an end in itself. It is always in order to help others. If we all thought like this, just imagine what a kind and loving world we would live in.

4) “A warrior is always on a journey, and a main feature of that journey is fear. This fear is not simply something to be lamented, avoided, or vanquished. It is something to be examined, something to make a relationship with.” Hmmmm, interesting, making a relationship with your fear, “Hello fear, wanna go get a cup of coffee?” No, really, that is a very interesting concept. All of us, running the hell away from our fears, doing anything to avoid looking our fears in the face, Pema wants us to make a relationship with our fears. Learning what it is, why it is in our hearts, what can it teach us.

5) Usually when we’re afraid, it sets off a chain reaction. We go inward and start to armor ourselves, trying to protect ourselves from whatever we think is going to hurt us. But our attempts to protect ourselves do not lessen the fear. Quite the opposite—the fear is actually escalating. Rather than becoming free from fear, we become hardened. As our fear spreads within, it makes us harder and more set in our ways.” That’s also sort of what the last article I posted said (see here:  https://bipolar1blog.com/2016/06/03/negative-emotions-are-key-to-well-being/) Facing your fear makes it evaporate, however running away from it escalates it. It’s not easy to sit with sheer terror and panic, but if you can breathe through it, it may well evaporate. I know when my mood is stable, I don’t experience fear and panic like I do if my mood is off kilter, as in manicky or depressed. I can handle my emotions very well as long as I am adequately medicated. For us, the people who have mood disorders, medication is also a key part of dealing with our fears. We can keep facing our fears but our plummeting or “soaring” mood makes it pretty difficult. For us, medication is definitely key. And that doesn’t mean we are masking the fear, it means we are making it manageable from the leviathan it was when our mood was not normal.

6) Fundamentalism, for example, comes about when we feel we need something definite and solid to protect ourselves from those who are different from us. That arises from the fear of losing control. Likewise, our addictions come from trying to assuage the discomfort we feel inside, the fear that things are out of our control and we have no secure ground under our feet. Whatever form fear hardens into, it continues to escalate and results in actions that can do great damage. It escalates into wars and riots. It escalates into violence and cruelty. It creates an ugly world, which breeds more fear.” Here she talks about the current spread of fundamentalism all over the world. And yes, it is totally due to fear of people who are not like us. What’s amazing to me is that people, no matter where they’re from, are more alike than different. What does everyone want, a roof over their heads, food, a chance to provide the best life they can for their children. That is really what people all over the world want. The differences are inconsequential details about how they go about doing it. Why would people fear each other, when we are all the same? I don’t know. And what she says about addictions is also very true, they do arise from trying to mask the fear and pain. Is it that some people are highly sensitive and feel things acutely, and those are the ones who have to use substances to quell the pain and therefore those are the ones who become addicts?

7) Yet the raw fear initially emerges as a dot in space, as a doorway that can go either way. If we choose to take notice of the actual experience of fear, whether it’s just a queasy feeling in our stomach or actual terror, whether it’s a subtle level of discomfort or mind-numbing dramatic anxiety, we can smile at it, believe it or not. It could be a literal smile or a metaphor for coming to know fear, turning toward fear, touching fear. In that case, rather than fear setting off a chain reaction where you’re trying to protect yourself from it, it becomes a source of tenderness. We experience our vulnerability, but we don’t feel we have to harden ourselves in response. This makes it possible for us to help ourselves and to help others.This is truly profound! Smiling at fear, smiling at terror, touching fear. Not being afraid of the fear, the discomfort that comes with anxiety and fear. Again, here, people with mood disorders, in my experience, need their mood state to be in the normal zone or our fear and anxiety can be so extreme that we simply cannot smile upon it. But, when I am euthymic as they say (normal mood state), I can definitely handle my emotions and my fear in a much more effective way. It doesn’t have the awful effect on me when I am in a normal mood state. But once we are not afraid of our own fear, we can not only be tenderhearted and loving to ourselves but we can be so to everyone! When fear is gone from our hearts, tenderness comes in. Breathing helps, deep breaths.

8) We’re all very familiar with the experience of fear escalating, or the experience of running away from fear. But have we ever taken the time to truly touch our fear, to be present with it and experience it fully? Do we know what it might mean to smile at fear?”  This simply stands on its own. No explanation needed!

9) “It said that scientific tests have proved that people are more afraid of uncertainty than they are of physical pain.” Oh my god! This is so true for me, I never knew it was a generality!

10) What Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche taught about the underlying, fundamental uncertainty—which scientific tests now prove is more frightening to us than physical pain—is that the very basis of the fear itself is doubting ourselves, not trusting ourselves. You could also say it is not loving ourselves, not respecting ourselves. In a nutshell, you feel bad about who you are. So the very first step, and perhaps the hardest, is developing an unconditional friendship with oneself. The very basis of fear is doubting ourselves, not trusting or respecting yourself! I suppose if you don’t respect yourself, you don’t respect others, so as she says the first step is to develop an unconditional friendship with yourself. What a concept! That means no bashing yourself, no negative self talk, no self hate. Can we do this? Can we be an unconditionally loving friend to ourselves? I know I want others to love me unconditionally, but it seems I have to do it first!

11) “The hallmark of this training in spiritual warriorship, in the bodhisattva path, is cultivating bravery. With such bravery you could go anywhere on the earth and be of help to other people because you wouldn’t shut down on them. You would be right there with them for whatever they were going through. But the first step along this path is looking at yourself with a feeling of gentleness and kindness, and it takes a lot of guts to do this. If you’ve tried it, you know how difficult it can be to stay present when you begin to fear what you see.”  The first step to becoming a spiritual warrior is looking at yourself with gentleness and kindness! Apparently it isn’t easy. I’m used to being very hard on myself. I say things to myself that I would never say to my friends of my son. In the inner child work I did upon myself, I did treat my “inner child” with love and affection and it felt good, like being wrapped in a soft, warm, cushy blanket on a cold, snowy Buffalo morning. So I get it, and I will be practicing it much more often, till hopefully when it becomes second nature. Why are we negative so much more than we are positive? I don’t know. I’m going to go ahead and change it for myself. One person at a time, lets go!

12)If you do stay present with what you see when you look at yourself again and again, you begin to develop a deeper friendship with yourself. It’s a complete friendship, because you are not leaving out the parts that are painful to be with. It’s the same way you would develop a complete friendship with another person. You include all that they are. When you develop this complete friendship with yourself, the parts you’re embarrassed about—as well as the parts you’re proud of—manifest as genuineness. A genuine person is a person who is not hiding anything, who is not conning themselves. A genuine person doesn’t put up masks and shields.” Amazing, a friendship with yourself, you as a completely genuine person. Something to aspire to, something to accomplish.

13) You might think becoming a spiritual warrior means going to the most hellish parts of the Earth and helping people. And it is true that a spiritual warrior would do that if it was called for.

But becoming a spiritual warrior does not start there. It must begin with the determination that you want to really know yourself completely and utterly, so that you don’t have any private rooms and nooks and crannies that you’re concealing. You can’t become a warrior who helps others to find themselves if you are not making that journey yourself. The journey needn’t be completed, but you must have started down the road of encountering your fear.”

Know yourself completely… Possible? She says it is, so lets try it. Start the journey.

14) What makes a genuine person, you might ask? Well Here’s what Pema says: “What produces a genuine person, I realized, is being open to not feeling okay. It means to be open to everything—to all the honors as well as the beauties of life, to the whole extraordinary variety of life. I began to realize that this whole mess the human race is in—the fact that we don’t take care of the planet and we don’t take care of each other, the wars, the hatred, the fundamentalism—all actually come from running away. Individually, collectively, we are trying to avoid feeling bad about ourselves.” Sounds about right. She also goes on to say that meditation is the way out of fear, to notice over and over again that we are slipping into fear and then smile and come out of it.

15) “If you touch the fear instead of running from it, you find tenderness, vulnerability, and sometimes a sense of sadness. This tender-heartedness happens naturally when you start to be brave enough to stay present, because instead of armoring yourself, instead of turning to anger, self-denigration, and iron-heartedness, you keep your eyes open and you begin, as Trungpa Rinpoche said, to see the blueness of an iris, the wetness of water, the movement of the wind. Becoming more in touch with ourselves gives birth to enormous appreciation for the world and for other people. It can sound corny, but you feel grateful for the beauty of the world. It’s a very special way to live. Your heart is filled with gratitude, appreciation, compassion, and caring for other people. And it all comes from touching that shakiness within and being willing to be present with it.” Beautiful. Truly something to which to aspire. I don’t know how successful I’ll be, but I am going to try to live in this examining, smiling fashion.

http://www.lionsroar.com/smile-at-fear-pema-chodrons-teachings-on-bravery-open-heart-basic-goodness/

Smile at Fear: Pema Chodron’s teachings on Bravery, Open Heart & Basic Goodness

Despite what we might think much of the time and what the news programs imply, we all wish to be sane and open-hearted people. We could take our wish to be more sane and kind and put it in a very large context. We could expand it into a desire to help all other people, to help the whole world. But we need a place to start. We can’t simply begin with the whole world. We need to begin by reaching out to the people who come into our own lives our family members, our neighbors, our coworkers. Perhaps we are inspired to enter a profession where we can spend our time and energy trying to help at a global or national level. But even if we express our wish to be open-hearted by working for global peace or justice or environmental well-being, even on that grand scale, we need to work on what is immediate to us all the time. We need to work on ourselves.

When we do this work on ourselves, however, we can still think of it in the wider context of our community, our nation, and our world. Viewing the work we do on ourselves in this larger context is very important. I don’t mean to be harsh, but I have to say that a lot of people who do so- called spiritual work can be somewhat selfish. Their spiritual path is all about taking care of themselves, and they may not notice that what makes them feel comfortable and secure is actually at the expense of other people. We all know other people like this, don’t we?

If we’re hurting enough, and we really start looking for the source of our pain and what we can do about it, it goes beyond just wanting to feel better OurSelves. In Buddhism, this is called the bodhisattva ideal. In the Shambhala teachings, we talk about it as warriorship, or, you might say, spiritual warriorship. At its most basic, it means working on ourselves, developing courage and fearlessness and cultivating our capacity to love and care about other people. It involves taking good care of ourselves, but whatever we do, it’s all in the bigger context of helping.

When we look at the world around us—our immediate world and the bigger world beyond—we see a lot of difficulty and dysfunction. The news we hear is mostly bad news, and that makes us afraid. It can be quite discouraging. Yet we could actually derive inspiration for our warriorship, for our bodhisattva path, from these dire circumstances. We could recognize the fact, and proclaim the fact, that we are needed.

Who are “we”? You and me and every one of us—each of us on this earth is needed at this time. Why are we needed and in what way are we needed? We’re needed because there are hundreds of thousands of billions of beings who are suffering. If even one small segment of us, one sub-community, took it upon themselves to live their life in a way that helped their families, their neighborhoods, their towns, and indeed the earth itself, something good would begin to happen.

If we come to the understanding that we are needed and commit ourselves to doing something about our own pain and the pain around us, we will find that we are on a journey. A warrior is always on a journey, and a main feature of that journey is fear. This fear is not simply something to be lamented, avoided, or vanquished. It is something to be examined, something to make a relationship with.

Fear is a very timely topic now, because fear these days seems so palpable, so atmospheric. You can almost smell the fear around you. The polarization, fundamentalism, aggression, violence, and unkindness that are happening everywhere on the planet—these bring out our fear and nervousness and make us feel that we are on shaky ground.

The truth is that the ground has always been shaky, forever. But in times when fear is prevalent, that truth is more obvious. All this fear surrounding us may sound like the bad news, but in fact it’s the good news. Fear is like a dot that emerges in the space in front of us and captures our attention. It is like a doorway we could go through, but where that doorway leads is not predetermined. It is up to us. Usually when we’re afraid, it sets off a chain reaction. We go inward and start to armor ourselves, trying to protect ourselves from whatever we think is going to hurt us. But our attempts to protect ourselves do not lessen the fear. Quite the opposite—the fear is actually escalating. Rather than becoming free from fear, we become hardened. As our fear spreads within, it makes us harder and more set in our ways.

A lot of the most painful conditions in the world are initially motivated by fear. Fundamentalism, for example, comes about when we feel we need something definite and solid to protect ourselves from those who are different from us. That arises from the fear of losing control. Likewise, our addictions come from trying to assuage the discomfort we feel inside, the fear that things are out of our control and we have no secure ground under our feet. Whatever form fear hardens into, it continues to escalate and results in actions that can do great damage. It escalates into wars and riots. It escalates into violence and cruelty. It creates an ugly world, which breeds more fear.

Yet the raw fear initially emerges as a dot in space, as a doorway that can go either way. If we choose to take notice of the actual experience of fear, whether it’s just a queasy feeling in our stomach or actual terror, whether it’s a subtle level of discomfort or mind-numbing dramatic anxiety, we can smile at it, believe it or not. It could be a literal smile or a metaphor for coming to know fear, turning toward fear, touching fear. In that case, rather than fear setting off a chain reaction where you’re trying to protect yourself from it, it becomes a source of tenderness. We experience our vulnerability, but we don’t feel we have to harden ourselves in response. This makes it possible for us to help ourselves and to help others.

We’re all very familiar with the experience of fear escalating, or the experience of running away from fear. But have we ever taken the time to truly touch our fear, to be present with it and experience it fully? Do we know what it might mean to smile at fear?

About a year ago, I was traveling on an airplane and the man who was sitting next to me had just finished his copy of Time magazine and he asked me if I wanted to read it. I started leafing through it and stumbled upon an article on fear. It said that scientific tests have proved that people are more afraid of uncertainty than they are of physical pain. Wow, I thought, that gets right to what I’ve being saying about the basic queasiness that leads us to all kinds of self-destructive and other-destructive habits; about the whole chain of events that emerges from our fear of uncertainty, of not knowing what in the world is happening or what is going to happen. All this emerges from wanting to get it safe and secure and comfortable.

I’ve done a lot of observing of myself, my friends, and other people, trying to see how this nervousness about uncertainty happens to us and what it leads to. It’s interesting to explore what happens with our bodies, our speech, and our mind. I’ve come up with a very nice, little, secure, comfortable answer. I figured it all out and now I don’t have to be scared any more. That’s not how it works, of course. Noticing is not necessarily about finding security.

What I’ve noticed is that there are two main ways that fear of uncertainty affects us, at least initially. One is that we speed up and the other is that we get very lazy.

Once in my small retreat cabin, when I was feeling uncertain and anxious, I looked at the experience. I was like a ping-pong ball bouncing around. There are only two rooms in this cabin, but there I was bouncing around from one room to the other, starting something and then not even halfway through it, bouncing over to something else. I was all by myself in the wilderness and yet I was filling the space with all of this frantic activity. As I’ve talked about this experience with people, many of them share their experiences of how a basic level of nervousness causes them to speed around even in their own homes, bouncing from room to room and task to task and never quite finishing anything. People talk about going back and forth between one thing and another, emailing and calling people on the phone. They start projects that get half done at best, and they rush all over the place, complaining the whole time about how much they have to do. But, in fact, the most threatening thing would be having nothing to do.

Lazy is the other way to go. It is the opposite of speed, and yet these two seeming opposites are both about the same thing: avoiding being present with our fear of uncertainty. In the case of laziness, you become completely paralyzed. You can’t get yourself to do anything because the underlying uncertainty and nervousness is so great. You procrastinate. You feel unworthy. The laziness has a frozen quality. You don’t move. You become a couch potato, or you spend hour after hour on the computer, not as a form of speediness but just distracting yourself, trying not to feel what’s underneath what you’re feeling, trying to avoid touching the uncertainty and uneasiness. And yet in the background, it dominates your life.

What Chogyam Trungpa Rinpoche taught about the underlying, fundamental uncertainty—which scientific tests now prove is more frightening to us than physical pain—is that the very basis of the fear itself is doubting ourselves, not trusting ourselves. You could also say it is not loving ourselves, not respecting ourselves. In a nutshell, you feel bad about who you are.

So the very first step, and perhaps the hardest, is developing an unconditional friendship with oneself.

Developing unconditional friendship means taking the very scary step of getting to know yourself. It means being willing to look at yourself clearly and to stay with yourself when you want to shut down. It means keeping your heart open when you feel that what you see in yourself is just too embarrassing, too painful, too unpleasant, too hateful.

The hallmark of this training in spiritual warriorship, in the bodhisattva path, is cultivating bravery. With such bravery you could go anywhere on the earth and be of help to other people because you wouldn’t shut down on them. You would be right there with them for whatever they were going through. But the first step along this path is looking at yourself with a feeling of gentleness and kindness, and it takes a lot of guts to do this. If you’ve tried it, you know how difficult it can be to stay present when you begin to fear what you see.

If you do stay present with what you see when you look at yourself again and again, you begin to develop a deeper friendship with yourself. It’s a complete friendship, because you are not leaving out the parts that are painful to be with. It’s the same way you would develop a complete friendship with another person. You include all that they are. When you develop this complete friendship with yourself, the parts you’re embarrassed about—as well as the parts you’re proud of—manifest as genuineness. A genuine person is a person who is not hiding anything, who is not conning themselves. A genuine person doesn’t put up masks and shields.

We know what ifs like to look at someone and feel we are just seeing their mask, that we’re not really seeing their genuine heart, their genuine mind. Their speed or their laziness, their fear, takes the form of a mask. They hide behind their roadrunner or couch potato persona. But when someone is present for all of their uncertainties, for the scary places within, they become genuine, and the mask, the persona, drops away. You feel you can trust them because they’re not conning themselves, and they’re not going to con you. Their genuineness manifests because they have seen all there is to see about themselves. It doesn’t mean that they’re not still embarrassed or uncomfortable about things they see, but they don’t run away. They don’t avoid experiencing what they are feeling through some form of suppressing, like drinking, drugs, or another addiction. They don’t become fundamentalist to avoid feeling what they feel about themselves. They do not strap on the armor.

When we wall ourselves off from uncertainty and fear, Trungpa Rinpoche said that we develop an “iron heart.” When someone develops a true friendship with themselves, the iron heart softens into something else. It becomes a vulnerable heart, a tender heart. It becomes a genuine heart of sadness, because it is a heart that is willing to be touched by pain and remain present.

You might think becoming a spiritual warrior means going to the most hellish parts of the Earth and helping people. And it is true that a spiritual warrior would do that if it was called for.

But becoming a spiritual warrior does not start there. It must begin with the determination that you want to really know yourself completely and utterly, so that you don’t have any private rooms and nooks and crannies that you’re concealing. You can’t become a warrior who helps others to find themselves if you are not making that journey yourself. The journey needn’t be completed, but you must have started down the road of encountering your fear.

Once I was staying in close quarters with a friend who was really angry at me. It was the equivalent of being trapped on a Greyhound bus for a couple of months together—me, my friend, her anger, and my feelings of inadequacy. I tried everything to get her to like me again, but she just became angrier and angrier until she refused to talk altogether. That’s one of the most uncomfortable places to end up in with someone you are trying to get to like you again, because you’re getting nothing back. This situation intensified to the point where I realized that my whole personality, everything I did, the whole way I related to people, was based entirely on avoiding feeling bad about myself. I strove to hide behind a mask that others would love and would therefore cause me to love myself. That plan did not work.

It was a powerful revelation to see that all my habits and approaches to life were coming from this deep hiding and avoidance. It was exhilarating in some way, but then I realized that my friend and I were still on the bus together, and work remained to be done. Life is like that. You have your insights, but the challenge remains.

I had heard the phrases “unconditional friendship” and “genuine heart of sadness” before, but at that point they began to make real sense to me. What produces a genuine person, I realized, is being open to not feeling okay. It means to be open to everything—to all the honors as well as the beauties of life, to the whole extraordinary variety of life. I began to realize that this whole mess the human race is in—the fact that we don’t take care of the planet and we don’t take care of each other, the wars, the hatred, the fundamentalism—all actually come from running away. Individually, collectively, we are frying to avoid feeling bad about ourselves.

Once you start to look at it this way, to smile a bit about this fear instead of letting it escalate, you realize that going about things this way is a bunch of bullshit. Wait a minute here, you might think, what’s going on? Seemingly, it’s just me. But me seems to be being pretty hard on me. What’s up with that? When I was stuck with my friend, I started to see behind it all. A smile crossed my face. If I allow myself to look at what hurts, I found a genuine, open heart. The business of avoiding who we are is a game that never needed to begin in the first place. That’s worth a smile. It was a very fortunate bus ride.

My companion never did really like me, but in that situation she became my teacher. When none of my cute words and jokes and compliments worked, I had to deal with what was under all of that—someone being harsh with themselves for no good reason. It takes guts to get to that place. I can’t say that I did it willingly, and I’m not sure that anyone would do it willingly, but situations like that can help us to see why we need to look into our fear.

It’s not so easy to do, but fortunately we have a method that can help us discover the courage to smile at fear. Meditation practice is a method for being with ourselves fully and completely, allowing the time and space to see it all with gentleness, kindness, and dead honesty. It is the safest environment within which to undertake this mission impossible. And when meditation practice has helped us to be honest and courageous enough to know ourselves in a deep way, we can begin to extend out and help others, because the things outside of us that appear threatening seem that way because of the fear within, the fear we have been reluctant to look at. The things that unnerve us, that trigger feelings of inadequacy, that make us feel that we can’t handle it, that we are not good enough, lose their power over us when we learn to smile at fear.

It’s not a one-shot deal, as Trungpa Rinpoche was fond of saying. There are many reruns. We go through it again and again. We feel uncertain, we busy ourselves, we become frozen, we are lazy, our fear escalates. But our practice also makes it possible for us to notice it happening again and again, and to allow fearlessness and genuineness to emerge from the very act of going into our fear.

While fearlessness may be our goal, so to speak, the basis of fearlessness is knowing fear, and that knowing takes place over and over again. Fearlessness and the compassion that arises from it are not solid and permanent. They emerge when your fears are triggered. I’m sure that if I had to go on the bus with that same lady tomorrow, it would be a very different experience, yet I would still be uncomfortable. But when my fear was inevitably triggered, warriorship would be triggered as well. And a smile might more easily cross my face.

If you touch the fear instead of running from it, you find tenderness, vulnerability, and sometimes a sense of sadness. This tender-heartedness happens naturally when you start to be brave enough to stay present, because instead of armoring yourself, instead of turning to anger, self-denigration, and iron-heartedness, you keep your eyes open and you begin, as Trungpa Rinpoche said, to see the blueness of an iris, the wetness of water, the movement of the wind. Becoming more in touch with ourselves gives birth to enormous appreciation for the world and for other people. It can sound corny, but you feel grateful for the beauty of the world. It’s a very special way to live. Your heart is filled with gratitude, appreciation, compassion, and caring for other people. And it all comes from touching that shakiness within and being willing to be present with it.

Negative Emotions Are Key to Well-Being

img_2728Negative emotions are unpleasant, we all try to run away from them, but this article below that I just read and decided to post, says we must allow ourselves to feel the negative emotions and accept them for what they are, they are really teachers for us, to learn what is going on in our lives. If we allow ourselves to feel them and process them, perhaps with mindfulness techniques, such as deep breathing while allowing emotions to come and go, then we can be better prepared to learn from them and go on with our lives. If we suppress them, they stay in our psyche or even in our dreams. So, paradoxically, allowing negative emotions to be felt and understood then leads us to not experiencing them, while trying to suppress them makes them stay on our minds longer!

Hmmmm, makes sense, doesn’t it?

http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/negative-emotions-key-well-being/?WT.mc_id=SA_FB_MB_EG

Feeling sad, mad, critical or otherwise awful? Surprise: negative emotions are essential for mental health.

A client sits before me, seeking help untangling his relationship problems. As a psychotherapist, I strive to be warm, nonjudgmental and encouraging. I am a bit unsettled, then, when in the midst of describing his painful experiences, he says, “I’m sorry for being so negative.”

A crucial goal of therapy is to learn to acknowledge and express a full range of emotions, and here was a client apologizing for doing just that. In my psychotherapy practice, many of my clients struggle with highly distressing emotions, such as extreme anger, or with suicidal thoughts. In recent years I have noticed an increase in the number of people who also feel guilty or ashamed about what they perceive to be negativity. Such reactions undoubtedly stem from our culture’s overriding bias toward positive thinking. Although positive emotions are worth cultivating, problems arise when people start believing they must be upbeat all the time.

In fact, anger and sadness are an important part of life, and new research shows that experiencing and accepting such emotions are vital to our mental health. Attempting to suppress thoughts can backfire and even diminish our sense of contentment. “Acknowledging the complexity of life may be an especially fruitful path to psychological well-being,” says psychologist Jonathan M. Adler of the Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering.

Meaningful Misery
Positive thoughts and emotions can, of course, benefit mental health. Hedonic theories define well-being as the presence of positive emotion, the relative absence of negative emotion and a sense of life satisfaction. Taken to an extreme, however, that definition is not congruent with the messiness of real life. In addition, people’s outlook can become so rosy that they ignore dangers or become complacent [see “Can Positive Thinking Be Negative?” by Scott O. Lilienfeld and Hal Arkowitz; Scientific American Mind, May/June 2011].

Eudaemonic approaches, on the other hand, emphasize a sense of meaning, personal growth and understanding of the self—goals that require confronting life’s adversities. Unpleasant feelings are just as crucial as the enjoyable ones in helping you make sense of life’s ups and downs. “Remember, one of the primary reasons we have emotions in the first place is to help us evaluate our experiences,” Adler says.

Adler and Hal E. Hershfield, a professor of marketing at New York University, investigated the link between mixed emotional experience and psychological welfare in a group of people undergoing 12 sessions of psychotherapy. Before each session, participants completed a questionnaire that assessed their psychological well-being. They also wrote narratives describing their life events and their time in therapy, which were coded for emotional content. As Adler and Hershfield reported in 2012, feeling cheerful and dejected at the same time—for example, “I feel sad at times because of everything I’ve been through, but I’m also happy and hopeful because I’m working through my issues”—preceded improvements in well-being over the next week or two for subjects, even if the mixed feelings were unpleasant at the time. “Taking the good and the bad together may detoxify the bad experiences, allowing you to make meaning out of them in a way that supports psychological well-being,” the researchers found.

Negative emotions also most likely aid in our survival. Bad feelings can be vital clues that a health issue, relationship or other important matter needs attention, Adler points out. The survival value of negative thoughts and emotions may help explain why suppressing them is so fruitless. In a 2009 study psychologist David J. Kavanagh of Queensland University of Technology in Australia and his colleagues asked people in treatment for alcohol abuse and addiction to complete a questionnaire that assessed their drinking-related urges and cravings, as well as any attempts to suppress thoughts related to booze over the previous 24 hours. They found that those who often fought against intrusive alcohol-related thoughts actually harbored more of them. Similar findings from a 2010 study suggested that pushing back negative emotions could spawn more emotional overeating than simply recognizing that you were, say, upset, agitated or blue.

Even if you successfully avoid contemplating a topic, your subconscious may still dwell on it. In a 2011 study psychologist Richard A. Bryant and his colleagues at the University of New South Wales in Sydney told some participants, but not others, to suppress an unwanted thought prior to sleep. Those who tried to muffle the thought reported dreaming about it more, a phenomenon called dream rebound.

Suppressing thoughts and feelings can even be harmful. In a 2012 study psychotherapist Eric L. Garland of Florida State University and his associates measured a stress response based on heart rate in 58 adults in treatment for alcohol dependence while exposing them to alcohol-related cues. Subjects also completed a measure of their tendency to suppress thoughts. The researchers found that those who restrained their thinking more often had stronger stress responses to the cues than did those who suppressed their thoughts less frequently.

Accepting the Pain
Instead of backing away from negative emotions, accept them. Acknowledge how you are feeling without rushing to change your emotional state. Many people find it helpful to breathe slowly and deeply while learning to tolerate strong feelings or to imagine the feelings as floating clouds, as a reminder that they will pass. I often tell my clients that a thought is just a thought and a feeling just a feeling, nothing more.

If the emotion is overwhelming, you may want to express how you feel in a journal or to another person. The exercise may shift your perspective and bring a sense of closure. If the discomfort lingers, consider taking action. You may want to tell a friend her comment was hurtful or take steps to leave the job that makes you miserable.

You may also try doing mindfulness exercises to help you become aware of your present experience without passing judgment on it. One way to train yourself to adopt this state is to focus on your breathing while meditating and simply acknowledge any fleeting thoughts or feelings. This practice may make it easier to accept unpleasant thoughts [see “Being in the Now,” by Amishi P. Jha; Scientific American Mind, March/April 2013]. Earlier this year Garland and his colleagues found that among 125 individuals with a history of trauma who were also in treatment for substance dependence, those who were naturally more mindful both coped better with their trauma and craved their drug less. Likewise, in a 2012 study psychologist Shannon Sauer-Zavala of Boston University and her co-workers found that a therapy that included mindfulness training helped individuals overcome anxiety disorders. It worked not by minimizing the number of negative feelings but by training patients to accept those feelings.

“It is impossible to avoid negative emotions altogether because to live is to experience setbacks and conflicts,” Sauer-Zavala says. Learning how to cope with those emotions is the key, she adds. Indeed, once my client accepted his thoughts and feelings, shaking off his shame and guilt, he saw his problems with greater clarity and proceeded down the path to recovery.

Happy, happy, happy! Blogging for International Bipolar Foundation now!

Please excuse my effusiveness, but it is appropriate to the occasion! I have been invited to blog for International Bipolar Foundation (IBPF) by its founder Ms. Muffy Walker. Thrilled and excited about this development. Of course, I’ll post my blog posts from IBPF here on my blog 🙂

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Beneath the Surface: Exploring Mental Illness.

DSCN0356Mental illness, it’s invisible. There are no bandages, no casts, no crutches, no external wounds. How do you know someone is suffering from one? We, the afflicted, talk about feeling bad, talk about our depression and anxiety woes. You, our friends, look at us with bewildered eyes. You think to yourself “This person is all put together, she has makeup on, is dressed well, there are no signs of illness. I don’t understand.”

It’s not easy to explain mental illness to people who don’t have it. You can’t show them anything that is broken, or any flulike symptoms, or anything visible at all.

The key is listening, trying to understand where your mentally ill friend is coming from, what your mentally ill friend feels like, what they are trying to explain to you. And many will not even explain anything, because of the stigma, because they don’t want to appear “crazy” or abnormal.

Yes it’s confusing. I’ve had bipolar disorder since 1985, and sometimes it’s still confusing for me, so don’t anyone beat themselves over this. Basically the only empirical thing you have to gauge mental illness by is behavior. For example, in mania, people talk a lot, have very high energy, don’t sleep much, may have delusions of grandeur, may have a lot of anxiety. In depression, they have no energy, may sleep a lot, or not, are in a downcast mood, hopeless, and may also have a lot of anxiety. Paradoxically, in hypomania (the stage before going into full blown mania), we can actually get a lot accomplished, we are energetic, focused, not over the edge yet. This might be considered the “industrious” phase of bipolar disorder.

So the way your friend is behaving, a departure from their normal self, is a clue to their mental illness. What they are saying and how they’re saying it is as well. Are they being grandiose, talking non stop, switching from subject to subject (flight of ideas,) these are all clues.

In schizophrenia, people can have auditory hallucinations, where they hear voices, that’s definitely a clue, if they tell you, if they are aware that this is happening and admit to it… Yet most of the time, looking at a mentally ill person, you’d never know anything was wrong at all. It’s all below the surface, in their brain. Just like in a sea, where the water looks still and calm but a savage riptide is flowing under the surface.

Signs and signals, feelings and observations, those are clues to understanding mental illness. Just being an observant and understanding friend who listens and tries to comprehend what is being said and shown to them, that my friends is what is needed to understand the illusive nature of mental illness.